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Translation glossary: WHO Terminology

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absolute povertyA situation where the per capita income is equivalent to less than one international dollar per day. 
Engels
access to social support networksOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby health care activities are integrated into community interaction in order to ensure 
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actionAny measure taken with some intention. 
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actorAny person interacting with others in the health system. 
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age-ratingTechnique for adjusting insurance premiums according to the age of the insured. 
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annual growth rateIndicator used in population studies to assess average change in the size of a population from one year to the next. 
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architectureSet of component elements of the health system and the structure of their relations 
Engels
autonomyOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby one enjoys the freedom to decide for oneself on alternative treatment, testing and 
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boundaryThe outer limit of a concept. 
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burden of diseaseThe total significance of disease for society beyond the immediate cost of treatment. It is measured in years of life lost to ill health as the differ 
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choice of care providerOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby those seeking care have a choice between and within health care units, including op 
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community ratingTechnique for adjusting insurance premiums according to family size or income. 
Engels
confidentialityOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby privacy in the context of privileged communication (such as patient-doctor consulta 
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consultationA technique of social interaction where opinions of all stakeholders are sought before a decision is made. 
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consumerA buyer or user of goods or services in the economy. 
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coordinationA technique of social interaction where various processes are considered simultaneously and their evolution arranged for the optimum benefit of the wh 
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created capitalPhysical infrastructure, buildings, machinery and equipment. 
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dependency ratioIndicator used in population studies to measure the portion of the population which is economically dependent on active age group. 
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dignityThe right of individuals to be treated with respect as persons in their own right. 
Engels
disability-adjusted life expectancyThe number of healthy years of life that can be expected on average in a given population. 
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disability-adjusted life yearsThe number of healthy years of life lost due to premature death and disability. 
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effectivenessA measure of the extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen, or service, when deployed in the field in routine circumstances, does wh 
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efficiencyThe capacity to produce the maximum output for a given input. 
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equalityPrinciple by which all persons or things under consideration are treated in the same way. 
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equality of child survivalA composite index based on the distribution of child survival across countries and intended to provide a summary measure of countries\' achievements i 
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equityPrinciple of being fair to all, with reference to a defined and recognized set of values. 
Engels
fair financingOne of the three intrinsic goals of a health system whereby every member of society should pay the same share of their disposable income to cover thei 
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fairnessThe attitude of being just to all. 
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fairness of financial contributionIndex used to measure the distribution of the households\' health financing contribution. 
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fertility rateIndicator used in population studies to assess the average number of children women have in a given population. 
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financingFunction of a health system concerned with the mobilization, accumulation and allocation of money to cover the health needs of the people, individuall 
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functionThe special kind of activity proper to something, the mode of action by which it fulfils its purpose. Also in general application, esp. as contrasted 
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goalA general objective towards which to strive. 
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governanceThe exercise of political, economic and administrative authority in the management of a country\'s affairs at all levels. 
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healthA state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.Health is a resource for everyday life, 
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health care deliveryOne of the functions of the health system, which deals with the medical and therapeutic measures intended to preserve or improve the health condition 
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health indicatorAn indicator applicable to a health or health-related situation. 
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health sectorPart of the economy dealing with health-related issues in society. 
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health systemThe people, institutions and resources, arranged together in accordance with established policies, to improve the health of the population they serve, 
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health system goalA general objective towards which the health system should strive.The World Health Report 2000 identifies three intrinsic goals of any health system: 
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human capitalHuman skills and capabilities generated by investments in education and health. 
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impactThe total, direct and indirect, effects of a programme, service or institution on a health status and overall health and socio-economic development. 
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indicatorA variable with characteristics of quality, quantity and time used to measure, directly or indirectly, changes in a situation and to appreciate the pr 
Engels
inequality in healthDifferences in health across individuals in the population. 
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information asymmetryThe difference in the amount of information available to the various parties to a transaction which does not place them on equal footing to strike a d 
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inputA quantified amount of a resource put in a process. 
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institutionAn organization or association, established for the promotion of some object, especially one of public or general utility (after OED) 
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instrumental goalA goal whose pursuit is really a means to another end. 
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interventionAn activity or set of activities aimed at modifying a process, course of action or sequence of events, in order to change one or several of their char 
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intrinsic goalA goal that is valued in and of itself. 
Engels
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